Speed control means for hydraulic mechanisms



Dec. 5, 1950 E. F. JIRSA ET AL 2,532,552

7 SPEED CONTROL MEANS FOR HYDRAULIC MECHANISMS Filed Nov. 5 1945' '7 Sheets-Sheet l IN VEN TORS Dec. 5, 1950 Filed NOV. 5, 1945 E. F. JlRSA ETAL SPEED CONTROL MEANS FOR HYDRAULIC MECHANISMS 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TORS EMIL F. JIRSA, 'MERLIN HANSEN ECIL W. BOPP Dec. 5, 1950 E. F. JlRSA ETAL 2,

SPEED CONTROL MEANS FOR HYDRAULIC MECHANISMS 7 Sheets- Sheet 3 Filed Nov. 5, 1945 Dec. 5, 1950 E. F. JIRSA ET'AL SPEED CONTROL MEANS FOR HYDRAULIC MECHANISMS Filed NOV. 5, 1945 7 Sheets-sheaf. 4

IN VEN T0 MERLIN HANS EM ATTORNEYS Dec. 5, 1950 EMF. JIRSA ETAL. 2,532,552

SEEED CONTROL MEANS FOR HYDRAULIC MECHANISMS Filed NOV. 5, 1945 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 FIG. IO 6 FIG. I2

EMIL E JIRSA MERLIN HANSEN CECIL W. BOPP E. F. JIRSA ETAL 2,532,552

SPEED CONTROL MEANS FOR HYDRAULIC MECHANISMS Filed Ndv. 5, 1945 Dec. 5, 1950 '7 Sheets-Sheet 6 FIG. l5

IIIVENTORSL IL F. JIRSA MERLIN HANSEh CECIL w. BOPP ATTORNEYS Dec. 5, 1950. E. F. JIRSA EIAL 2,532,552

SPEED CONTROL MEANS FOR HYDRAULIC MECHANISMS Filed Nov. '5, 1945 v Sheets-Sheet 7 INVENTORS. EMIL EJIRSA, MERLIN HANSEN CECIL W. BOPP Patented Dec. 5, 1956 SPEED CONTROL MEANS FOR HYDRAULIC MECHANISMS Emil F. Jirsa, Merlin Hansen, and Cecil W. Bopp,

Waterloo, Iowa, assignors to Deere Manufacturing (30., a'corporation of Iowa Application November 5, 1945, Serial No. 626,626 8 Claims. (CL- l21-46.5)

The present invention relates generally to hydraulic apparatus and is particularly well adapted for use in hydraulic control mechanism on tractors for raising, lowering, and adjusting implements mounted on the tractor or otherwise associated therewith, and has for its principal object the provision of a novel and improved hydraulic control mechanism that is more flexibly adapted to the various control requirements of modern implements.

Experience has indicated that for implements mounted directly upon a tractor, the most desirable type of hydraulic control mechanism is that which includes a control rockshaft mounted transversely at the rear of the tractor, with an actuating cylinder mounted inside of the housing and connected to the rockshaft by internal connections. It has also been found that the most convenient type of control for implements drawn behind a tractor includes a portable hydraulic cylinder which can be quickly and easily mounted on the implement drawbar near the draft connection to the tractor, with a flexible hose or hoses connecting the cylinder with the hydraulic control mechanism on the tractor. Heretofore, however, hydraulic control systems adapted for either rockshaft or remote cylinder control operations, involved considerable difficulties in converting the system from one type of operation to the other, in disconnecting the remote cylinder when the rockshaft was to be used and in locking out the integral cylinder when the remote cylinder was to be used. Such prior systems required considerable time for instructing untrained operators to properly attend to all of the various steps necessary in making a conversion.

In control systems of the class employed for adjusting implements, it is desirable that the mechanism operate quickly in raising the plow, cultivator, or other implement out of the ground at the end of the row or furrow preparatory to making a turn, but it is also desirable that the mechanism operate slowly when an implement is being'adjusted from one depth of operation to another. Therefore, it is still another object of the present invention to provide a hydraulic control mechanism which has more than one speed of operation. A related object has to do with providing low and high speeds of operation in either direction of movement of the piston in the cylinder, either for single acting cylinders or cylinders of the double acting type.

Control for this mechanism is centered in a single control lever which can be swung from a central neutral position in either direction, to raise and lower the implement, respectively. The control mechanism is so arranged that the first portion of the movement of the control lever in either direction produces a relatively slow movement of the piston in the cylinder, whereas a greater extent of movement of the control lever produces a relatively fast movement of the piston in the cylinder. It is desirable that the operator be able to sense the point in the travel of the control lever at which the speed of the piston changes from slow to fast,and therefore it is another object of the present invention to provide means for producing this result. In the accomplishment of this object, we have provided a yielding stop for a control lever, which permits free movement of the lever up to the maximum speed in the low speed range of the piston, but further movement of the lever into the high speed range in either direction of movement must first overcome the resistance of the yieldable stop, thereby informing the operator as to the range of operation in which he is controlling the piston.

These and other objects and advantages of our invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art after a consideration of the following description, in which reference is had to the drawings appended hereto, in which Figure 1 is a rear elevational View of a hydraulic control mechanism mounted 0n the rear end of a tractor, showing a portion of the rear axle housing of the tractor;

Figure 2 is a side elevational view of the hydraulic control mechanism showing a double acting remote cylinder connected to the mechanism and also showing the rockshaft housing and tractor axle housing cut away in section to expose the piston and cylinder and connections thereto;

Figure 3 is an elevational view looking rearwardly into the opening in the front of the hydraulic control housing, as indicated by a line 3-3 in Figure 2, and drawn to a larger scale;

Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along a line 4-4 in Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a sectional view taken along a line 5-5 in Figure 3;

Figure 6 is a sectional elevational view taken along a line 6-6 in Figure 3;

Figure '7 is a sectional elevational view taken along a line l--! in Figure 3;

Figure 8 is an end view of the dual check valve, as viewed along a line 8-8 in Figure 6; and drawn to a still larger scale;

Figure 9 is a sectional view taken along a line.

9 in Figure 6 and drawn to a larger scale Figure 10 is a sectional elevational view taken along a line lD-lil in Figure 3;

Figure 11 is a sectional plan view taken along a line |l--ll in Figure 1 and drawn to a larger scale;

Figure '12 is a sectional elevational view taken along a'line l2l2 in Figure 11 and drawn to an enlarged scale;

Figure 13 shows a portion of the sectional plan view of Figure 11 which includes the connector for the remote cylinder, but showing the hose connector replaced by a plug to condition the mechanism for controlling the integral y inder;

with the housing 25.

a ass Figure 14 is a sectional bottom plan view taken along a line !zll' l in Figure 3;

Figure 15 is a top plan view showing the top of the hydraulic control housing with the top cover removed; and

Figure 16 is a sectional elevational view taken along a line itl B in Figure l.

Referring now to the drawings and more particularly to Figures 1 and 2, the tractor is indicated by a portion of its body including a banjo type rear axle housing 2t comprising an enlarged centrally disposed gear housing 2i and apair of laterally extending axle housingquills 22 formed integrally therewith. The quills 22 contain a pair of coaxially disposed drive axles 23, the inner ends of which carry drive gears 24, disposed within the gear housing portion ii and the drive gears i i are driven from the engine of the tractor, the details of which are not shown since they are well known to those skilled in the art. Thegear compartment '2! of the axle housing iil is provided with a large opening 25" in the rear side thereof, which opening is covered bye large housing or'cover 25 having an outwardly turned flange 2'3 extending peripherally around the housing 25. and secured to the gear compartment 2i by bolts 27. The housing "251s integrally formed with a transversely d sposed'beanng sleeve 28in the upper pcrtionfthereojf, within which is journaled a conventional "ioc'kshaft '29, the two ends 33 of which extend "laterally from the "ends or the sleeve portion 28 and areof substantially square cross section for" the'pu'i'pose ofr'eceiving ii'nplement'controlling'and'lifting arms (not'shown'),

as is'well'known tothos'e"skilledin'the art.

The rockshaft 29 is actuated by a rocker arm 35 fiXed'to a hub 3i; s'ecure'd'to'the r'o'ck shaft 29. Thefrocker arm 35 extends down-- wardly and is pivot/ally connected by a pint! to'a pistonr'od '33 (see Figure '7). The piston "rod fis eiitends forwardlyand is "connected to the piston 39 "of afluid pressure 'motor'iiil'iby meahsfor" "a wrist pin ll. The fluid "pressure motor 33 cofnjprises the pistoniiil and 'a'cylin'der withinwhichfthepistonis slidable. A fluid supply duct '43 is formed integrally with the cylinderciZ andextends'axially along thelo'wer side thereof for supplying fluid under pressure to thecylinder, the forwardend-of which is closed by an integrally formed cylinder head "as.

The'cyIind'er-AZ is [positioned betweeln the two axle drive gears 25 and is secured to the i ro'nt side ofth'e housing "25,-the latter havingaduct The construction so far described is identical with the hydraulic mechanism disclosed in Patent 2,302,637-granted November 17, 194-2 to McCormic-hand Hansen, to which reference may be conventional gear pump indicated generally by reference numeral Al, which is securedby bolts l lto the rear side of the housing 25. pump gears (not shown) Gne of the is mounted onthe tractor power takeoff shaft '59, which extends rearwardlyfrom a suitable connection with the tractor engine and is journaled in a bearing beneath the reservoir as and formed integrally" The power takeoff shaft extends rearwardly through the pump l'i and art.

above. "are bestshownin Figure 3. Thus, when the 'c'o'ntrol'mechanism is inactive, the:pump d'lffurformed integrally therewith in register *with the cylinder duct 43.

powerto implements associated withthe tractor, in a manner well known to those skilled in the The pump ll? receives fluid from the reservoir Q8 and discharges the same under pressure through a high pressure duct 52 extending upwardly through the reservoir 45, as disclosed in the above mentioned patent.

Coming now to that portion of the apparatus with which our invention is particularly concerned, a control housing 66 is secured to the rear side of the rockshait housing 25 by means of a plurality of bolts 6 I, which extend through apertures-62 in the controlhousing 6i: and engage suitable'threaded apertures (not shown) in the housingifi. Thecont'rol housing fi'fiis'provided with an opening '63 in its forward side, which'is disposed in register with a corresponding opening (not shown) in the rear side of theho'us'ing 25, thereby communicating with the reservoir in the latter.

The controlhousingfifi is provided with a cored high pressure passage 6} provided with an intake port 55, best shown in Figures 3 and 6, disposed inregister-with the upper end ofv the ,pump discharge passage 52. The passage .64 extends upwardly fromthe port 65 and turns rearwardly, as indicated-atbfi, Figure 6, to an enlarged port 6'! in avertically disposed ,-valve cylinder 68, within which is vertically slidable a valve plunger .69; The valve plunger 65- isprovided with a centrally disposed piston or spool 10 disposed within the annular port .6? and substantially coextensive therewith. The laterallyv opposite sides of the valve plunger 69 and theupper edges of thepiston iii are ground oi, as indicatedat 11!, to provide fiat: portions of the valve plunger 69, alongwhich the hydraulic fluid can flow. Similarly, the laterally opp'osite sides-ofthe valve'plunger 69 below the piston H3, and the lower-edge of the latter are ground ofi,;-aslndicatedat 'l2, toprovide passages for the fiow of-hydraulic fluid. Hence, in

the neutral or-inactive position of the plungerfiQ,

asshown in Fi gure 6, the'flu'id flowing-upwardly through the passage 61$ 'and'into the'port 61 di- 2 vides between the upper and lower flat portions "ll, 72 and fiows-therealong through the valve 'cylinder'ts to a; pair ofupper and lower annular ports 73, i4, whichcommunicatethroughshort passages i5, 7 6, respectively, with'the interior of the contro1 housing '69, which in turn is incommunication w'iththe reservoir lt asv explained Theopenings i5, 'lfiin the'ports 13, H

nishes acontinuous' flow of hydraulic fluid, such as oil, upwardly-through the: passages, 68, and along the-"flats ii, 12 to thezports "l3, 14, from 'whichit fiows through the openings l5, H5 5 back :to the reservoir.

A pairof annul'ar ports 11, is'are spaced axially above andbelow the' central inlet'port 61in the valve cylinder: 68 and these; ports are connected :tol'a pair 'ofn'rearwardly exten'ding'passages. 19,

8B, respectively, the rear. ends of the latter being turned upwardly andidownwardly, respectively,

and having valve seats 58i, Bloommunicating therewith. CheCk=valves183y 84 are--seatedin the .valve seats 8|, 82, respectively, and are of the .p'oppet type and-are of a special design, the details ofwhich-will be described later. The check valves 83, 84 open'into a: pair of cylinder supply ducts 35,86,1whichare curved-laterally and inwardlv of the f housing :60- and: intersect-a pair of 'cyl-indrical'passages 81,188, which extend rearhas a splined rear end portion 5! for supplying 7s wardly and outwardly of the housing 60, and are g adapted to receive a'p-air of bayonet type eo'n nectors, indicated generally by reference numerals 89, 90, fixed to the ends of a pair of flexible hoses 9 I, 92 attached to adouble acting fluid pressure motor 93. These connectors form the subject matter of our c-pending application, Serial No. 728,020, filed February 12, 1947, and will be only briefly described here. Each of the bayonet type connectors 89, 90 comprises a tubular member I00, which is slidably insertable into the correspondin cylindrical passage 87 or 88 and is provided with an axially extending opening IOI therethrough.- The-outer end of the tubular connector I00 is providedwit'n an enlarged cylindrical-head portion I02, the outer end of which has a hexagonal portion I03 adapted to receive a wrench for use in assembling and disassembling the connector. The outer end of the aperture IOI through the connector I00 is enlarged, as indicated at I04 (see Figure 11), the enlarged portion I04 being threaded to receive a bushing I05, within which is threaded a hose fitting I05, within which the associated hose SI or 92 is suitably fixed by means not formin a part of the present invention.

Each of the connectors =89, 90 is adapted to be inserted into a bayonet-receiving sleeve member IIO, which is threaded to engage the. enlarged outer end portion III of the passage 81, the portion III being also threaded to secure the member II 0 therein. An annular recess H2 is provided in the inner end of the sleeve I I0 to receive an annular sealing member II3, which is held in compression by means of a coil spring I I4 in engagement with the outer surface of the tubular member I00, thereby preventing leakage of oil outwardl of the housing 60 along the surface of the tubular member I00. The outer end of the sleeve I I0, has an enlarged bore, indicated at I I5, which receives the head portion I02, and the outer surface of the outer end of the sleeve III] is tially in radial alignment with the outer end of I :the sleeve I I0 and adapted to receivea segmental washer I20, see Figures 11, 12, and 13.

The washer I20 is substantially U-shaped, with inwardly extending tangs HI and is adapted to be slipped into the slotbetween the end of the sleeve J I I0 and the inner surface of the flange I I8 ofthe collar II6, so that when the latter is screwed tightly on the threaded sleeve I I0 the Washer I20 prevents the bayonet connector I00 from sliding rearwardly out of the sleeve I III.

The connector I00 can easily be removed from the passage 81 and sleeve I I0 by unscrewing the collar H6, after which the connector I00 and its associated hose can be slipped rearwardly out of the sleeve. I

The double acting fluid pressure motor 93 is adapted to be mounted on the tongue or draft member of a trailing implement and comprises a cylinder member I25, within which is slidabl disposed a piston I26 connected to a piston rod I21 having a connecting knuckle I28 mounted on the outer end thereof and adapted to be coupled to the control element or lifting lever of the trailing implement (not shown).

The cylinder I25 provided with a cylinder head I29, which has iii an aperture I30 therein'to receive a, mounting pin for mountingthe cylinder on the tongue. The head I29 is provided with a hose fitting I3I, to which the upper flexible hose 9| is connected, while the cylinder casting I is provided with a cored passage I32 leading to the opposite end of the cylinder and provided with a fitting I33 to which the lower hose 92 is connected.

Certain implements, such as plows, are frequently equipped with releasable draft connections, to permit the plow to become detached from the tractor when the plow encounters an immovable obstruction such as a large stone or stump. In this event, it is especially desirable to have a releasable connection in each of the flexible hoses to prevent the latter from being subjected to the full drawbar pull of the tractor. To accomplish this result, the segmental washer I20'is made of a relatively easily shearable substance, such as porous bronze, aluminum or soft copper, so that in case of failure of the implement draft connection, the tension in the hoses 9|, 02 will shear the tangs I2I of the washers between the inner edges of the grooves H9 and q the inner edges of the flanges IIS on the collars III}. After the implement has been reconnected to the tractor, the hose connectors I00 can be reinserted into the sleeves H0 and secured by means of a new pair of segmental washers I20, although care must be taken to clean any dirt from the connectors I00 before reinserting them into the passages 81, 88.

When it is desired to remove the remote cylinder 93 and operate the integrally mounted fluid pressure motor 40, the connectors I00 are withdrawn from the passages 83, 88 after their securing collars II6 have been unscrewed, and the connectors I00 are then replaced with solid plugs I35, eachof which is provided with a head portion I36 of larger diameter, which is slidably received within the enlarged opening H5 in the 'outer end of the sleeve I I0. The head I36 of the plug I35 serves as a handle b means of which the plug can be inserted and withdrawn relative to the sleeve H0. The plug is secured in the sleeve III) by means of the collar II3, the flange IIB of which engages a radial flange I34 on the plug head I316. The shear washer I20 can be inserted in a groove I31 extending peripherally around the head I36 provided merely for carrying the washer, as the latter is not needed when the cylinder 93 is not being used. Thus, the plug I35 extends through the seal II3, thereby preventing any leakage of oil out of the cylindrical passage 81. The plug I35 is substantially the same length as the connector I00 but is provided with a bore I45 in the end thereof extending axially and communicating with a diametrically extending opening I 45 in a section of the plug of reduced diameter, the purpose of which will be explained later. Hence, it will be evident that the plugs I35 are interchangeable with the tubular connectors I00.

When the remote cylinder 93 is connected for operation, the plugs I35 are stored in scabbards 138 (see Figures 1 and 2). Each of the scabbards I38 comprises a tubular member having a "closed end and an internally threaded collar I39 adapted to cooperate with a threaded flange I (see Figure 13) on the inner end of the head I of the plug. Each of the scabbards I38 is adapted'to be inserted througha pair of vertically aligned apertures in a sheet metalbracket I II of U-shaped cross section, which is secured by screws I42 to the side of the control housing 50,

.in-the1p1ug-I35. .plug'holds the innerseal Ir54 in place.

; housing 25.

"The "s'anie s'cabbards I38 1031.! he 1ised=.to-protect the tubular connectors all!!! when the ;remote cylinderiis iisan'otiinusegat which time the plugs F35 are disposed within the sleeves H5. Each of ther scab-bards 1383's long-.enoug'h'to; receive the tubular connector 106, the latter .-having 1a threaded flange 1M3 adapted :to, :screw .into the internally threadedlcollar 1:39 around 2 5118 [open end of" the scabbard. it hasiheenzfoun'd that with a little practice, .an operator can .readilywithdraw ithe 1 tubular connector H30 from the; sleeve I I0, slide :in the v plug 113.5, and {secure .the latter, and i slip the: Scabbard I:3.8 over the tubular -.ennectorandsecnre the same. with no appreciable loss of oil. Withthe'scabhards il-3fiyprotecting the tubular connectors :Ifliflgitzis evident that the oil remaining .within .thetcylinder and flexible hoses Will=not be lost, while thescabbardszalso prevent dirt, water, or air from: getting into i the hoses.

The rearend of thetpassagewfi :in theEhQusing 1..

2-5, :Ifor conveying hydraulic fluid to .and from the .-.integral cylinder-42, is .disposed in register withrapor-t I56 in theirontside'of the control housing 50,1hest :shown in Figure 14. The port 15!) :communicates 'awith a "passage l5! the FY6311 end of which :turns upwardly and outwardly, as indicated: at-I52 (Figures 3: an'df7). Thapassage I52 =.communicates :withan annulariport I53 in the cylindrical passage 88 which receives the lowerhosezconnectoriilfl. The annularport I53 is disposed'mtermediate the ends of the cylindrical passage 88, so that when the-tubular member him- 0f. .the'ihose yconnector 9.8 is inserted -.within ;thet.passagei 88,:the outer surface of the-connector Illa blocks the iport:I53 andpassages I55, 152,

theneby'locking the integral-.eylinder .42 against movement. An annular sealing device I54 .(see Figures 114 "and-116)., :prevents any flcwof ifluid betweenthe port I53 andthe supplyt passage 86. However, it will-loo evident that .-when thetubular member I130 is replaced bythe .plug I35, there is .a'connection' between the port: i 53'and. the supply passagenafi through thebore I45 and: opening I45 The innerend-portion .of .the

-.-A similar annular port I55isdisposed inathe intermediate portion of the upper acylindrical rcylindrical passage 8'l,=the port I55 is blocked-and --the fluid flows from the supply passage .85 :through the connector ,Iflt .to the. hose 9!.

7 An annular sealing device I51 preventsany leakage 10f oil along the outer surface of the tubular connector Itd-and through theexhaust. port I56. 'When the-plug I issubstituted for the hose -connector 8Q, it-is evident fromlf-igzure .13 that .the supply passage {35 -is..connected directly with the port I and exhaust opening- -I.56 through therborel lli andopening. [46in the plug.

Referring now more particularly toVFigures Z and-l4, a check valve-16%! of thepoppet typer-is seated inthe port I56 and .is-urgeditoward seated position bymeans of' a-light compression ring IIiI, which is-supported ina-socket 4:62- in-the When the hydraulic fluid isforced into the cylinder 42"throughthe port I153, and

passagesl52, -I5I, e5 8116.143, the force of the oil opensthe valve I to :permit .a-substantiall-y ireefiow therethrough. However, when the piston. 39 returns :toward the iorward end of the rs cylinder :42, :forcing the "oil back through the passages to the reservoir, the valve .160 is returned by .the. spring I B I :and by the force of the oil to a partially-closed position as determined by a stop pin I53 disposed-lat the innerend of the stem-I64.of thevalve I60. The pin IE3 is disposed 'witlu'n an aperture I65, which is threaded to receive a threadedportion 166 on the pin163 for purposes .of adjusting the latter; axially .r.elativeto the yalvestern .454. A look nut I61 vengages thethreaded portion-Ilifiof the pin for the purpose-of locking the latter in adjusted position to zdetermine the amount of openingaround-the valve I60, .thereby determining the speed with whichthe .rockshafitreturns, from r they raisedpositionshown in Figure 2 to the lowered position under-force of gravity. exerted upon .theiload. carried on the-rockshaft 29. The outer end of the pinrlfi3 isfslotted, as indicated at I68, to receive ascrewdriver for purposes of adjustment and a cap. I-69is provided forprotecting the end of the pin in adjusted -.positi,on.and sealing against oil leakage {along threads I56. The cap I69 is-internally-threaded.to receive the threaded portion of ;the...pin,' which extends to theouter. end .of the latter. Details of this valve I60 and its operation are contained in the McCormick and Hansen patent 'rejferredito' above,.and,donot. f.orm.,a. par.t of the present invention.

"Referring now more. particvla'rlyito .I igures 6, .8 and ..9,.each off the check valves.18.3,.84. is:a dual valve .comprisingan outer poppet ivalve I115, ,the stem .of which ishollow and .receivesan inner poppet valvel'ifi therein. Thestem of theinner valve ills fits: closely butslidahly withintheplS- sagai'li. in. the stem of the outer-valve I115 andthe inner valve. seats. inthe outer end. of thepassage ffllinthehead.ofthe outer valve. .The stem of the outervalve I15 is provided with .threeapertures I I8, I19, I 83,. spaced peripherally. and .extendingradiallyin. communication .withthe. passage H7. The stem. of the inner valve. I15 is provided :wit-l'n-anv annulargroove L8 I .undenthe head ofthevalve andiis also relievedralongl one sidenf .ths stem, as. by. grinding a. flat portion, I 3.2 axially along thestemof theinner valve from. thegroove i8]! .to. establish communication withany oneof the three apertures. i l8 17.9, I80, selectively. The inner. valve iii-6 can-he rotated .about. the. .common axis. .of the. two .valves taplace. the flat. portion: I 82 inregisterwith any ofethe apertures I18 I 7.9, I 89, .the latter being of relatively. different diameters so that the resistance :totheflow 017011 through .theinnervalve can thus betadjnsted. Thetwo valves. H5 I lfiiarersecured in ,angularly. adjusted iposition' lay means ofmaloeking washer: I182, the

latter.havingsanon-circmar aperture L83 therein which-fits lover Q3 correspondingly shaped-head J84. :cn then-valve head. The locking washer I82 has a radially extendingfearwlfihwhichcan heinserted into-rany-of three notches main-an axially .extending flange-r I8 l encircling: the head of the .outer valeeildrthethree notches; Ifidcorrespondto the, positionsofregistry .of the threeapertures I18, I19, 588, respectively. Each-of the 'tion by. meanscf.acompression spring; I 85; Whi0h i-bears .-againstvthewwasher- :I 82 and reacts-against Thesevalves Each of the check valves 83, 84 is actuated by means of a ball E95 disposed at the inner end of the valve stems, and the balls I95 bear against inclinedgrooves I96 in the valve plunger 69. The grooves I95 are so inclined that when the valve plunger 99 is moved upwardly, the upper ball I95 is cammed outwardly against the upper check valve 83, while if the valve plunger 69 is moved downwardly within the valve cylinder 63 the lower ball I95 is forced outwardly to actuate the lower check valve fi l. The length of the stems of the two coaxial valves is such that the balls I95 engage the inner stems and open the inner valves I it before they engage the ends of the hollow stems of the outer valves II5. This reduces appreciably the amount of effort necessary to open one of the check valves, for if a single valve were to be used in place of one of the dual valves, the oil pressure against the large head would make it very difficult to raise the valve oiT its seat, but the area of the small inner valves is so much less than the area of a single check valve that the total pressure is greatly reduced. After the inner valve has been cracked open, the pressure on the head of the outer valve is reduced sufiiciently to make it comparatively easy to open. The balls are thus used as tappets for opening the inner and outer check valves, sequentially, and eliminate a considerable amount of the friction and side thrust on the valve stems that would be involved if the inclined camming surfaces on the valve plunger directly contacted the valve stems.

The valve plunger 69 is provided with a pair of spools or pistons I91, 598 at its upper and lower ends thereof, respectively, the inner edges of which are spaced outwardly from the inner edges of the annular ports I3, I9, thus providing for a free flow of oil along the valve cylinder 69 into the exhaust ports it, Hi, when the plunger is in its neutral position. Moving the valve plunger 69 downwardly, however, moves the upper piston I9? into the upper end of the valve cylinder 69, thereby closing off the upper reservoir port '63. Similarly, when the plunger 69 is moved upwardly, the valve piston I99 acts against the upper edge of the port M to close the latter against flow of oil downwardly into the reservoir.

Theoperation of the mechanism thus far described will now be explained. To operate the rockshaft 29, it is first necessary to disconnect the remote cylinder 99 by unscrewing the threa ed collars II 6 and withdrawing the connectors 89, 98 out of the passages 81, 98, after which the plugs H35 are inserted into the sleeves H9 and secured by mean of the shear washers I29 and collars H5. The rockshaft 29 is actuated in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Figure 2, to raise the implement associated therewith, this being accomplished by moving the valve plunger 69 upwardly in the valve cylinder 58. The upward movement of the plunger 69 brings the lower piston portion I98 into closing relation with the edge of the exhaust port I4 and simultaneously moves the central piston portion l9 upwardly to cut off the flow of oil upwardly through the valve cylinder 58. This flow i not reduced abruptly, however, in view of the fact that the edge of the piston portion 19 is ground off on an are 29!, with the result that the upward flow of oil through the cylinder 58 is not entirely out off until the lowest point on the curved edge 29E coincides with the upper edge of the central port 6?. During this gradual cutoff of the oil flow to the reservoir, the pressure increases in the high pressure duct 64 and in the lower portion of the valve cylinder 68 beneath the inlet port iil. This causes the oil to flow along the flat portion I2 of the valve plunger 69 and through the port I8 and passage 89, thereby forcing the check valve 84 away from its seat 82 against the pressure of the spring I89. The oil then flows through the supply duct 85 and through the passage 88, but inasmuch as the latter is blocked by the plug I35, the oil flows into the port 153 and along the passages I52, I5I, through the port I50. The oil pressure. forces the valve I66 open against the pressure of the light spring I6I and then enters the forward end of the cylinder 42 through'the ducts 45,43, causing the piston 39 to move rearwardly in the cylinder. The upward movement of the valve plunger 59 has also forced the inclined surface of the groove I against the ball I95 to open the upper check valve 83, but there is no flow of oil through this valve at this time, after the edge 2c! moves into register with the upper edge of the port BI.

The movement of the piston'39 in the cylinder 42 can be interrupted at any point within its range by merely returning the valve plunger 69 to the neutral position shown in Figure 6, whereupon the oil supplied by the pump is again ex-- hausted to the reservoir through the upper and lower exahust ports I3, 14. The check valve thus closes, thereby locking the oil within the cylinder 42 and the passages connected therewith.

The piston 39 can be returned toward the closed end of the cylinder 42 by moving the valve plunger 69 downwardly in the valve cylinder 68 from the neutral position. Assuming that there is an implement load on the rockshaft 29, tending to rotate the latter in a counter clockwise direction, as viewed in Figure 2, it will be evident that there is an appreciable pressure built up by the piston 39 against the oil which is locked within the cylinder 42 by the lower check valve 94. Thus, it will be evident that by opening the check valve 84, the oil trapped in the cylinder 42 will be forced outwardly through the valve seat 92, thereby permittin the piston to move toward the closed end of the cylinder and allowing the rockshaft to move in a counter clockwise direction to lower the implement. Accordingly, the first movement of the plunger 69 downwardly in the valve cylinder 68 cams the valve actuating ball against the end of the valve stem of the inner poppet valve I16, permitting the oil to fiow from the supply passage 99 under the head of the inner valve I15 and along the release passage I 82, and out through the aperture I19 and through the passage 99 to the port I8, then downwardly through the valve cylinder 58 t0 the reservoir port I4. As the plunger 59 moves downwardly in the cylinder 69, the oil from the pump flows upwardly into the upper portion of the valve cylinder 68, but inasmuch as the upper spool or piston l9? closes the reservoir port I3, the oil leaves the valve cylinder 98 through the port I1, passage I9, and valve seat 8!, into the upper supply passage 85, and then through the passage 9'! into the intermediate port I55, and since the plug I35 closes the outer end of the passage 81, the oil flows upwardly through the exhaust port I 58 and returns to the reservoir.

It will be noted that the speed of travel of the piston 39 forwardly in the cylinder 52 is dependent first on the amount of opening under the va ve i 1 a 'determined by the adjustable pin I63, and second, by thesizeof the aperture I19 in-the hollow stem of the outer checkva'lve- I15, which restricts the flow of oil under the header. the inner valve I76. However, by moving thevalveplunger '59 downwardly-t its extreme position, the ball I95 engages the end of the hollow stem ofthe outer valve I and opens the latter, thereby allowing the oil to flow through the seat 82 as well as through the innerseat, thereby causing the piston to move at a greater rate in the cylinder 42. It i also evident that the speed of travel of the piston can alsobe controlled by infinitesimal increments by shifting the valve plunger 69 in the valve cylinder 68 thereby adjusting the amount of opening under the-heads of the inner and outer check valves I15, I15.

Provision is also made for adjusting the speed of travel of the piston 39 rearwardly in the cylinder 42- to adjust the speed of raising movement ofthe rockshaft 29- in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Figure 2. Referring more particularly to Figures 3 to 6', inclusive, it will be noted'that adrilled passage 255 extends upwardly from the bottom-of" the control housing 66, the lower end of'this passage being closed by a plug 296; This passage intersects the horizontal portion 66 of the highpressure duct 54 and continues upwardly to intersect a horizontal passage 231, which extendsinwardly from the-side of the control housingfiii; The passage-29'! intersects a second horizontal passage 258, which extends rearwardly from the front side of the housing 62', the opening of" the passage 238 being closed by a plug 2&9. The passage 268 communicates with a port 2m inthe valve cylinder 68 above the inlet port 6?. The valve plunger $9 is reduced in diameter in front of the port 2) as indicated at d to provide for flow of oil' from the latter tothe fiat H and thus to the reservoir port 73. The passage isprovided with an annular valve seat 21 I, which cooperates with a valve member 2&2 in the former a pin having a threaded portion 2i3 which engages internal threads in the passage 20?. The outer end of the pin is provided with a slot 2M- adapted to receive a screwdriver for adjusting the valve 2I2 toward and away from the seat 2I I, for increasing ordecreasing the resistance to thefiow of oil which is by-passed from the inlet passage 65110 the valve cylinder 68'. The purpose of this by-pass or bleeder duct 2353 2M, 2113, 21B is to bypass a portion of the oil supplied through the duct 64 after the valve plunger 69"has been raised to the point in which the cutoff edge ZQI has closed the upper edge of the inlet port 5?, thereby reducing the speed of travelof the piston 39 rearwardly in the cylinder 42" during the raising operation. This bleeder port'2i8, however, is gradually cut off by the piston'portion iii of the valve plunger as the latter is raised in the cylinder 68, until in extreme upper position, the bleeder port 2|!) is entirely closed, thereby providing for maximum speed of movement ofthe piston 39. Thus, the speed of'raising movement of the piston can be adjusted by adjusting-the valve 242- toward or away from the seat 2H, and a lock nut 2I5 is provided for securing the valve M2 in adjusted position. A cap ZIE is provided for protecting the'outer end'of the valve pin 2I3; This valve 2I2 should preferably be closed when the control mechanism is used in connection with a remote cylinder 93 of 'thedouble acting type; as will'beseen later.

' The valve mechanism canbe used tocontrol e cylinder (not shown).

ing I25.

p y passage 8.5.

12 remote cylinder of the single actingtypeinwhich the fluid is supplied to only one end of. the pis ton, relying upon the force of gravity or other means for returning the piston to the closed end ofv the cylinder, without any preparation other. than to remove the lowerplug I from the lower cylindrical passage 88 and replace it..wlth

a hose connector 8:} connected to thesingle flexible hose 92- leadingto the single acting remote The operation with. this type of remote cylinder is similar to that described in connection with the single acting integral cylinder 42, except that the oil is forced from the supply passage 86 through the tubular connector I06 and through the flexible hose. 92

to the remote cylinder, while the port I53 leading to the integral cylinder 42. is blockediby'the tubular member lllfl, as indicated in Figure 16. The upper plug I35. is left in place, thereby exhausting the upper supply passage through the port 556 to the reservoir asbefore.

The operation ofthe mechanism in connection with a double acting remote cylinder 93will now be described. As in the case of the integral cylinder 60, the double acting remote cylinder 93 is extended in a power stroke by moving the valve plunger 69 upwardly in the valve cylinder 68. This directs the flow. of oil from the pump passage 64 downwardly througlrthe cylinder 68 and through the lower check valve 64, the lower hose connector 90, and thecfiexible hose 92 to the head end of the remote cylinder 93, thereby causing the piston H26 and piston rod 2! to move outwardly in the cylinder cast- The oil on the outer side of the piston I25 is' forced bythe latter through. the, duct I32 and fitting Bite the flexible hose M, which leads the oil through the upper hose, connector as. andtubular member IE6 to the upper sup- In the raised position of the plunger 69 the inclined camming groove I96 forces the ball H25 outwardly, thereby opening the, inner valve I 76 to permit the oil to flow through the seat and along the relieved portion I82 to one of'the apertures I18, I19; I89 in the check valve 83; Upon further upward movement of the valve plunger 69, the ball I555 engages the tubular stem of the valve 33 and lifts the valve head from the seat 8i, thereby obtaining a freer flow of oil therethrough, from which the oil flows through the passage is and along the flat portions 'II of the plunger into the reservoir port I3.

As stated above, it is preferable to close the bleeder valve 2I2 against its seat ZII when the double acting remote cylinder is used, fortheresistance of the small apertures I78, H9 or I83 results in a reduced speed of operation of the piston I25 in-thecylinder I25 unless the plunger 69' is moved upwardly to its extreme position.

;, However, inasmuch as no more oil can-flow into one end of the cylinder I25 than flows out the other end, there will be a surplus of oil supplied by the pump when the double acting hydraulic motor 93 is operated at that reduced speed. This oil surplus is exhausted to the reservoir through an excess pressure relief valve which will be described later.

The piston I25 is returned by hydraulic power to the head'end of the cylinder I25 by shifting the valve plunger is downwardly from its neutral position until the curved edge 202 of the relieved portion '52 on the valve plunger 69 moves into biocking position at the lower edge of the port 57, thereby preventing the oil from flowing downwardly through the valve cylinder 68, where- 13 upon all of the oil from the duct 64 flows upwardly through the cylinder 53 and along the flat sides I! of the plunger. The spool !9! at the upper end of the plungerhas now moved into closing relation in the top of the cylinder 55, closing on the reservoir port 13, and directing the oil through the port 71, passage l9, and seat 8!, to force open the upper check valve 83. The oil then flows through the upper supply passage 85, through the connector 89 and flexible hose 9! to the cylinder passage !32, from which it flows into the outer end of the cylinder !25 and forces the piston I25 toward the head of the cylinder. The speed of piston movement in this direction is governed, during the first portion of downward movement of the plunger 69, by the size of the aperture I18, I79 or I83, which is disposed in register with the relieved portion !82 on the inner stem of the lower check valve 54.

Here again, the surplus oil supplied through the duct 64 by the pump must be relieved through an excess pressure relief valve as will be described later.

The lower end of the valve cylinder 68 is threaded, as indicated at 220, to receive a plug 22! in the bottom of the housing 52. The plunger 69 can be removed from the cylinder 63 downwardly through the threaded aperture 223 after the plug 22! has been removed. The upper end of the plunger 69 is provided with an upstanding ear 225 (see Figures 3 and 6), which is connected by a short link 225 to an arm 22'! cast integrally with a hub 228 rigidly fixed on a control rockshaft 229, which is journaled in a pair of bearing bosses 235, which are integral with the sides of the control housing 51]. A control lever 23! is mounted on a hub 232, which can be mounted on either end of the rockshaft 223, the latter extending laterally out of the housing 53 for this purpose. A key 233 is provided between the rockshaft 229 and the hub 232 for preventing reldirection, the valve plunger 69 is in its intermediate or neutral position shown in Figure 6. The valve plunger 69 is raised by swinging the lever 23! forwardly, thereby rocking the rockshaft 229 in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed in Figure 6, Conversely, by swinging the lever 23! rearwardly from the neutral position, the valve plunger 69 is lowered from its neutral position.

-The limit of downward movement of the valve plunger is determined by the engagement of the lower end of the plunger with the plug 22!. The

upper limit of movement of the plunger 69 is limited by means of an adjustable limit stop comprising a bolt 235 extending through a-suitably 'threaded aperture in an arm 235, formed integrally with the hub 228 and plunger actuating arm 22?. The threaded end of the bolt 235 chgages a shoulder 23'! in the top of the housing 60, which defines the edge of a top opening in the latter, and the-bolt 235 is so adjusted that when it engages the shoulder 23! the piston portion it of the plunger 69 covers the port 2!!! in the bleeder duct 208. A lock nut 23% is provided on the bolt 235 for locking the latter. in adjusted position.

A cover plate239 closes the opening defined by 14 the shoulder 23'! in the top of the housing 63 and is secured in place by a pair of screws 249.

The valve plunger 69 is yieldably retained in neutral position by means of a centering arm 245, which is swingably mounted on a transverse shaft 246, the latter being carried between two bearing supports 24! in the housing 69 (see Figures 10 and 11). The arm 245 carries a roller 248 journaled on a pin 249 between a pair of legs 250 formed integrally with the arm 245. The roller 248 bears on the edge of a cam 25!, which is formed integrally with a hub 252 rigidly clamped to the control rockshaft 229 to rock therewith. The outer edge of the cam 25! is provided with a depression 253, which receives the roller 248 when the rockshaft 229 is positioned to set the valve plunger 69 in its neutral position, The roller 248 is urged into the depression 253 by means of a helical compression spring 255, which bears against an arm 256 extending outwardly of the roller supporting legs 250 on the arm 245. The other end of the spring 255 is received within a recess 25! in the housing casting 60. The sides of the recess 253 are inclined in outwardly converging manner, so that the pressure of the roller 248 against the sides of the recess 253 tends to center the rockshaft 229, the control lever 23 I, and the valve plunger 69 by action of the spring 255.

It is desirable that the operator be able to feel that point in the movement of the control lever 23! when the valve plunger 59 is in its low speed operating position, with the inner check valve member H6 open but with the outer check valve member !l'5 closed, and with the cutoif edge 29! or 232 of the piston member H! in register with the corresponding edge of the inlet port 61. This is provided for in each direction of movement of the control lever 23! by means of a pair of camming plates 259, 26!, which are slidably disposed in slots 252 in the camming edge of the cam 25! on either side of the recess 253 (see Figures 3, l0 and 15). Each of the camming plates 260, 26! is secured within the slot 252 by means of a bolt 253, which passes through an elongated slot 264 in the plate to permit each of the plates to be adjusted toward and away from the central recess 253 in the cam. Each of the camming plates 25!), 25! is provided with a beveled edge 265, which is adapted to engage the roller 248 when the rockshaft 229 is rocked to raise or lower the valve plunger59 from its neutral position to the low speed. operating position mentioned above. Thus, when the operator feels the resistance of the lever to further movement in either direction, he knows that the roller 248 has engaged the camming little more effort exerted against the control lever 23!, telling the operator that the valve plunger 59 is in the higher speed range of operation of the fluid motor, and has raised the outer check valve member 115 from its seat. At any time, the operator can let go of the lever 23!, and the force of the compression spring 255 acting through the roller 248 will swing the rockshaft 229 and lever 23! back to its neutral position.

When the operator is making an adjustment of the implement by means of the hydraulic mechanism, it is of course necessary forthe operator to manipulate the control lever 23! as described above. However, when the operator desires a full 22-9. in. a circular arc.

stroke operation ofthe fluid motor piston-in. its cylinder, such as when raising an implement to the; transport position or dropping it to an extreme lowered position, it is desirable that the lever may be-sirnply swung to its extreme position in either direction, selectively, and released by the operator without the necessit forv holding it in operating position until the fluid motor has completed its stroke. For example, when operating a cultivator or plow, the operator must raise the implement. and immediately turn the tractor when he comes to the end of the row or furrow, and it would be inconvenient for him to hold the operating lever in its raised position until the implement is fully raised. Therefore, a detent mechanism is provided for retaining the lever in either extreme position and for automatically releasing the lever. and returning it to neutral position as soon as the fluid motor has reachedthe endof its stroke.

Referring nowmore particularly to Figures 3, .7- and. 15, a rearwardly extending latching plate 218. is formed. integrally with the hub 252, the latter being split axially, as indicated at 27M, and provided with a pair of clamping lugs 212 clamped together by a bolt2l3 to secure the hub 252 rigidlyon'the rockshaft 22.9. The plate 212 is provided with an arcuate ed e 2%, which is curved. about the axis of the control rockshaft The surface 274 is engaged by a roller 215, which is journaled on a being-disposed transversely in the housing '66 and supported in one wall thereof and in 2. lug

28! The other arm 2B! of the, bell crank is pivotally connected by a pin 282 to a rod 23.3, which extends vertically downwardly through a cylindrical-passage 284 in the housing casting 6Q. washer 285' against which bears the lower end of a compression spring 285. The upper end of the spring 286 reacts against a plate 28? which has a central aperture 288 through which the vertical rod 283 passes and the plate 2%! is secured by. screws 289 at the upper end of the cylindrical passage 284. The spring we is stressed in compression to urge the rod 283 downwardly, thereby swinging the bell crank the. control lever 23! is swung to its extreme position ineither direction, the roller 215 engages one of thev beveled corners 29!, 292 and latches the plate 210 in this position, holding the rockshaft, 229 and control'lever 23! against the action of the centering roller. 248, thereby causing the. fluidpressure motor. to be extended to the end of its operating stroke. At the end ,of its stroke, the piston of the fluid pressure m otor engages a stop which prevents any further extension. This causes the pressure of the fluid inthecylinder to rise to a value appreciably in. excess ofthe pressure necessary to actuate j'jtheload, and. this excess pressure is used to return the valveplunger 68 to its neutralposition,

as willjbe explained. When thepiston seinthe The lower end of the bolt 283 is riveted to a i; corner 29! or 292.

integral cylinder. 42' reaches the end of its. work,- ing stroke, as shown. in Figure 2, the rear endof the piston rod38 engages a boss 293 (Figures 3 and '7), formed integrally .withthe housing cast.-

ing (it.

The excess pressure relief valve, mentioned above, is best shown in Figure 4, and comprises a sleeve type valve 300 having a hollow stem 3 0I-, which iits slidably within a passage 352. which communicates with the high pressure duct 64 through a drilled passage 393, which extends inwardly and upwardly from one side of the housing 69, the outer end of the passage being enclosed by a plug 3&4. A short duct 3% connects the drilled passage 383 with the pump discharge duct 64. The duct 3% is also drilled from the front of the housing through the duct 64-, and the outer end of the passage is. blocked by a plug 366. Thus, the oil can flow from the pump discharge duct 64 through the interconnecting passage 355 through the drilled passage 323 to the excess pressure relief valve port 382. Incidentally, the drilled passage 393 also intersects the vertical bleeder passage 285, which extends upwardly through the horizontal portion 66- of the pump discharge passage. The head of the valve member 388 is seated in the end'of the short passage 3E2 and is disposed within anenlarged valve chamber 381. A strong compression spring 388 holds the valve 3% in closed position against all normal operating pressures. The spring 3% is disposed within a cylindrical passage 3H3, which extends inwardly from the rear of the chamber and is closed by a plug 3| l. The hollow stem 3M of the valve 360 is provided with radiallyexte-nding apertures 312, which communicate with the valve chamber 391 when the valve 389 is forced by an excess pressure of oil against the spring 398. This relieves the oil from the pump discharge passage 64 through the passages 385, 383 and throughthe inside of the stem 313i and out through the radial apertures 3i2 into the valve chamber 387. The Valve chamber 301 intersects the vertical cylindrical passage 284 underneath the washer 2535 on the rod 233. A kickofi" plunger 3l5 is slidahl disposed in the lower portion of the cylindrical passage 284 and is provided with an intermediate portion of reduced diameter 1516, around which the oil flows from the valve chamber 301. The lower end of the kickoff plunger M5 is provided with an axially upwardly extending recess all, which is connected in communication with the passage 284 by apertures 3; in the reduced diameter portion 3l6. Thus, the oil from the cylindrical passage 284 flows through the apertures 3E8 into the recess 3!! and acts upon the plunger 36 5 to force the latter upwardly into engagement with the washer 285 and pushes the latter and the rod 283 upwardly, thereby swinging the bell crank arms 21?, 28! in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed in Figure 7, about the supporting shaft 219, thereb lifting the roller 275 out of engagement with the beveled The passage 284 is provided with an annular groove 320, which is connected in communication with the reservoir through'a port 32!. Thus, when the edge 323 on the plunger SIS along the upper end of the portion 3l6 of reduced diameter moves upwardl beyond the lower edge of the annular groove 320, the

oil within the passage 284 is exhausted through -the groove 32!; and aperture 321. t the reservoir.

A small hole 322 is provided in the housing casti abelow the aperture 32] torelieve the pressure in the cylindrical passage 284 to permit the oil in the passage to escape after the valve plunger 69 has been returned to its neutral position. As soon as the roller 215 is lifted out of engagement with the beveled corner 29! or 292, the pressure of the spring 255 acting against the roller 248, forces the latter against the inclined edges of the recess 253, thereby returning the rockshaft 223 and control lever 23! to neutral position from either extreme position of operation.

Hydraulic fluid is supplied to the reservoir 45 through a fitting 325, which is screwed into a threaded aperture 326 in the rear side of the housing 65, best shown in Figure 10. The fitting 325 is provided with a :cap 32'! which normally closes the fitting 325. A petcock 328 is provided in the side of the housing 50 at the preferred level of the liquid in the housing. When the operator is replenishing the liquid in the reservoir 46, he opens the petcock 328 and fills the reservoir until the fluid flows out of the petcock 328, after which the latter is closed tightly and the mechanism is ready for operation.

The operation of the power control mechanism will now be briefly summarized. When the operator wishes to extend the fluid pressure motor, thereby raising the implement, he moves the operating lever 23! wishes to lower the implement he moves the lever 23! rearwardly from its vertical neutral position. When it is desired to make a minor adjustment in the position of the implement, the lever 23! may be moved only a small distance to cause the piston of the motor to move slowly in the desired direction, and the farther the lever is moved the faster will be the movement of the piston in its cylinder. When the operator feels the resistance to the actuation of the control lever 23! provided by the roller 248 engaging the camming plate 260 or 26!, he knows that the piston is moving at its maximum speed in the low speed range of operation, as determined by the setting of the bleeder Valve 2!2 in the case of a single acting cylinder or by the size of the aperture I18, I19 or !80 in the dual check valve when operating a double actin remote cylinder. The speed of lowering the implement in the case of the single acting integral cylinder is also controlled by the setting of the check valve I65 by means of the adjusting pin I63. The high speed range of adjustment of the fluid pressure motor is obtained by moving the lever 23! against the action of the roller 248 climbing over the inclined shoulders 265 of the camming plates 260, 26!, and the farther the lever 23! is moved, the greater the opening under the outer check valve I15, and hence the greater the speed of operation of the fluid pressure motor.

The movement of the motor can be stopped at any time by the operator releasing the control lever 23!, which will be centered by the action of the spring 255 acting through the roller 248 and recess 253 in the yoke 25!, but when the lever 23! is swun to its extreme position in either direction, it is yieldingly latched in that position by the roller 215 engaging the beveled corner 29! or 292 of the latching plate 210. When the fluid pressure motor reaches the end of a power stroke, the increased pressure of the fluid within the cylinder acts through the kickofi plunger 3!5 to release the roller 215 rrom the latching plate 210, whereupon the lever forwardly, and if he 18 is automaticall returned to neutral position by the action of the compression spring 255 and the centering roller 248 In the case of a double acting cylinder, the kickoff plunger will operate to return the control lever 23! from either extreme position of operation, since the piston !26 moves in both directions under oil pressure. However, when a single acting cylinder is used, it moves under oil pressure only in one direction but is returned in the other direction by the weight of the implement and there is no fluid pressure available to actuate the kickoff plunger 3!5, hence the control lever 23! remains latched in the lowered position after the implement has been lowered and until the operator releases the lever manually. There is no necessity for the operator to return the lever to neutral, but it may be left in the extreme lowered position until he is ready to again raise the implement.

It should be pointed out that when the control lever 23! is swung to the latched position to effect a power stroke of the fluid pressure motor, the lever will be returned to the neutral position to relieve the pressure from the system in case the load exceeds the pressure of the spring 308 at any time during the stroke and not necessarily the end of the stroke. Hence, in case the implement encounters an obstruction during its adjustment, the valve plunger 69 will be returned to neutral position immediately, thereby warning the operator of the obstruction and relievin the fluid pressure in the system.

We do not intend our invention to be limited to the exact details shown and described herein, except as limited by the claims which follow.

We claim:

1. In hydraulic control mechanism for a fluid motor, a fluid supply duct therefor connectible to means for supplying fluid at substantially constant rate to said duct, an exhaust passage connected with said supply duct, a control valve connected in said duct and having a member shiftable from an inactive position, in which fluid is free to discharge through said exhaust passage, to a first operating position to close said exhaust passage to allow fluid pressure to build up in said duct to drive the motor, a restricted bleeder duct separate from said exhaust passage and leading from said supply duct for by-passing a portion of the fluid to cause the motor to operate at reduced speed, said valve member being shiftable from said first operating position to a second operating position in which said member keeps the exhaust passage closed and also closes said bleeder duct thereby causing the motor to operate at its maximum speed.

2. In hydraulic control mechanism for a fluid motor, a control valve comprising a valve cylinder and a plunger slidable therein, a supply duct through which fluid may be supplied at a substantially constant rate to said valve cylinder, a motor port connected to said cylinder to receive fluid therefrom, said cylinder having an exhaust port and an exhaust passage communicating therewith, said plunger being movable into a first position blocking said exhaust port to cause fluid pressure to build up in said motor port, a bleeder duct separate from the exhaust passage and connected to by-pass a portion of the fluid supplied to said motor port to reduce the rate of fluid flow through the latter, said bleeder duct communicating with a port in said cylinder through which the by-passed fluid is conducted to said exhaust passage, and said plunger being movable into a second position blocking both said exhaust port and-said bleeder duct pert, thereby causing all of said fiuid to 110W to said motor port to obtain maximum rate of fluid flow through the latter.

3,1nhydraulic control mechanism, a control valve comprising a cylinder and aplunger shiftable axially therein, said plunger having a piston slidable in said cylinder, duct means including a motor port connected with one end of said valve cylinder, the intermediate'portion of said cylinder being enlarged to provide an inlet chamber, in which said piston is normally disposed in inactive position, means for supplying fluid at sub stantially constant rate to said cylinder including a suppl duct connected to said chamber, an exhaust passage connected to the other end of said cylinder and adapted to receive all of said fluid from said chamber whenisaid pistonis in said inactive. position; means for shifting said plunger in said cylinder to slide. saidpiston toward said exhaust passage to a first active position blocking said cylinder against flow or" fiuid therethrough to said passage and causing the fluid. to. flow to said motor port, a bleeder duct connected.

with said supply duct andhaving a port in said cylinder uncovered by, said piston in its first position for icy-passing a portion of the fluid to said exhaust passage for reducing the fiuid flow to said motor port, said plunger being shiftable to a second active position in whichsaid piston blocks said bleeder duct port thereby causing allof fluid tofiow to the, motor port.

4. The combination set forth in claim 3 including the further provision of anadjustable valve in said bleeder duct for adjusting the resistance thereof to flow otfluid and thereby varying the rate of fluid flow to said motor port with said plunger in its first active position.

5. In hydraulic control mechanism, means providing a motor port, a-control valve having a movable member shlitable in one direction from anv inactive position to first and second operating positions. for controlling fluid fiow through the motor port, means for moving said valve comprising a rockshaft connected thereto, an actuating lever. fixed to said rockshaft, and a centering mechanism for returning said valve to said inactive position, said centering mechanism com prising interengaging..cam and roller members, one. ofv said. members being. fixed to said rockshaft, a relatively stationary support for the other.

of said members, said. cam member including. a

recess for receiving said. roller member tohold said valve insaid inactive. position, a cam.,ele

ment shiftable relative to said cam inemberand element being constructed and arranged'to effect a return movement of said rockshaft to said inactive position by force exerted by said spring means.

6. The combination defined in claim 5, including the further provision of releasable means for yieldably retaining said rockshaft in said second operating position, and means responsive to a predetermined." fluid pressure in said motor port for releasing said releasable means tov permit saidi valve to be'retur-ned to said inactive position;

7. In hydrauliccontrol mechanism, means pro:

viding a motor port, a control valve having a movablemember shiftable-from a central inace tive position to first and secondfoperating posi-- tions in each of two opposite directions for con trolling fluid fiow/ throug-h the motor port; see

lectively, means for =moving said valve comprising a rockshaft connected thereto, an actuating lever fixed to: said rockshaft', and: a centering mechanism for returning said valveto said inactive position, said centering mechanism comprising. interengaging cam and roller .members, one-of. said members. being fixed to. said rocks shaft, a relatively stationary support forithe other of said. members, said cam member including an intermediately disposed-recess for receiving said:

roller. member tozholdisaid valvev insaid inactive position; apairof calm elements spaced on-rela+- tively oppositasideszof'.saidrecess and shiftable.

relative to said cam.member and each element having a shoulder againstwhich said roller mem-v ber is adapted to engage When said valve'is in said. first operating-position.on eithersideof. said inactive positions, ,and means adjustably scour-- ins-said elements .totsaidccam'member to deter-. minesaid firstzioperatin positions ofwsaid-valve in either direction of movement. of: said control.

lever, said: roller. member being adapted to roll over said shoulders;andzbearvupon said cam elements :in said.secondsoperating.positions of said valve, respectively; and-spring means urging said:

cam: and-roller .inembers :in bearing contactwith eachother, thesurtaces ofi'saidxcam member and cam element beingsconstructeduand arranged to effect 'a return movement; of saidrockshaft to. said; inactive position from operating positions. in..ei,ther direction; of; movement. of said control levenrby force exerted by said spring means.

8. The combinationidefinedin.claimfl, includ= ingethe furtherz'provision of-treleasableimeansfor yieldably, retaininggsaid. rockshaft ,inpeither of said: second.- operating: positons, 'andi means-re, spensive to a predetermined fluid pressure in said motor. p0 Z"'f releasingusaidmeleasabie means. to permit saidi'va'lre to: be; returned 'to. said: inactive position;

JIRSA: MERLIN HAN SEN; CECIL W, BOPP.

Theioilowing-sreferences. are ofrecord: in the file" of. this; atent:

UNITEB STATES" PATENTS" 

